ar air over extended periods.

tujue · 12-03-2019 07:36:32

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TRIPOLI Taywan Taylor Jersey , Oct. 23 (Xinhua) -- A Libyan senior official said on Monday that the key to the success of a political agreement is the end of violence and fighting between Libyans.

Abdurrahman Swehli, head of Libya's Higher Council of State, made his remark in a televised speech on the sixth anniversary of overthrowing the former regime.

""We appeal to our partners in the country who did not participate in the Feb. 17 uprising or reject it... to resort to reason and join those seeking to build a modern state of Libya, which guarantees the right of citizenship for all without elimination,"" Swehli said.

""The success of the political agreement and the UN road map is linked to cease of violence and fighting by all parties, who seek to achieve certain political interests, which all Libyans reject because they believe that violence generates counter-violence,"" Swehli added.

""Such success is also linked to commitment of the international community to its long-standing obligations to address all negative local and regional interventions, which are supported by international forces,"" Swehli explained.

Libya has been struggling to make a democratic transition following the 2011 uprising that toppled the late Gaddafi's regime. The North African country is plagued with insecurity and political division.

In mid September, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General and Head of UN Support Mission in Libya Ghassan Salame proposed an action plan to end Libya's political stalemate.

The plan includes amendment of the current UN-sponsored political agreement, holding a UN-sponsored national conference for all Libyan political factions, adopting a constitution, and finally election of a president and a parliament.

Swehli stressed that the Council is open to all initiatives to solve the country's political crisis, pointing to the significance of ensuring the success of the UN-sponsored negotiations to achieve a genuine partnership that would lead to a decisive political settlement.

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Nine out of 10 people globally are breathing poor quality air, the World Health Organization said Tuesday, calling for dramatic action against pollution that is blamed for more than six million deaths a year.

New data in a report from the UN's global health body ""is enough to make all of us extremely concerned,"" Maria Neira, the head of the WHO's department of public health and environment, told reporters.

The problem is most acute in cities, but air in rural areas is worse than many think, WHO experts said.

Poorer countries have much dirtier air than the developed world, according to the report, but pollution ""affects practically all countries in the world and all parts of society"", Neira said in a statement.

""It is a public health emergency,"" she said.

""Fast action to tackle air pollution can't come soon enough,"" she added, urging governments to cut the number of vehicles on the road, improve waste management and promote clean cooking fuel.

Tuesday's report was based on data collected from more than 3,000 sites across the globe.

It found that ""92 percent of the world's population lives in places where air quality levels exceed WHO limits"".

The data focuses on dangerous particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometres, or PM2.5.

PM2.5 includes toxins like sulfate and black carbon, which can penetrate deep into the lungs or cardiovascular system.

Air with more than 10 microgrammes per cubic metre of PM2.5 on an annual average basis is considered substandard.

In some regions satellite data has been complemented by ground-level PM2.5 measurements, but in much of the developing world ground readings remain unavailable, forcing the WHO to rely on cruder estimates.

Despite these data gaps, Neira said the UN agency now had more information than ever about pollutants in the planet's air.

Using both satellite and ground measurements ""is a big step forward towards even more confident estimates of the huge global burden"", of dirty air, she added.

- Six million deaths a year -

The WHO has estimated that more than six million deaths per year are linked to exposure to outdoor and indoor air pollution.

Data is more solid for outdoor pollution, which is blamed for more than three million fatalities annually.

But indoor pollution can be equally as harmful, especially in poorer developing world homes where cooking often involves burning charcoal.

Nearly 90-percent of air pollution-related deaths occur in low and middle-income countries, the WHO said.

Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific region -- including China, Malaysia and Vietnam -- are the hardest hit, the data showed.

Carlos Dora, coordinator at the WHO's public health and environment department, said that some of the strategies adopted to safeguard against polluted air have limited effectiveness.

For example, daily air quality warnings -- like those sometimes issued in Beijing -- likely do little to help the average person, since the real threat is exposure to sub-par air over extended periods.

Staying indoors on a day when the air is particularly bad accomplishes little, Dora said.

Additionally, the WHO has seen no conclusive evidence that face masks do much to filter dirty air, Dora added.

Using a different data set, the WHO reported in May that 80 percent of the world's city dwellers breathe poor quality air, a figure that rose to 98 percent in poorer countries.

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